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mike@mikeshardware.co.uk

Q4 2005

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10

ATI Radeon X1800 XL (R520), the first R520 based GPU, was released on October 5th and is built on a 90nm process. The R520 core is the successor to the R480 core of the Radeon X850 and is based on an entirely new design featuring SM3 support, Adaptive Anti-Aliasing (essentially the same as nVidia's Transparency AA), High Quality AF (an angle independent anisotropic filtering algorithm, similar to that seen in the GeForceFX series, but not featured in any current design) and ATI's Avivo technology.
The architecture of the R520 features 16 pixel pipelines and 8 vertex shaders, compared to it's predecessors 16 pixel and 6 vertex pipelines. The vertex shaders are similar to those of the R4xx series, but have been updated to fully support Shader Model 3.0 with dynamic flow control, longer shaders, and more temporary registers. The pixel shaders have been totally revamped with the inclusion of an "Ultra-Threading Dispatch Processor" block in each unit and various architectural improvements to improve throughput - numerous instructions having been optimised to require fewer clock cycles. The job of the dispatch processor is to manage threads of 4x4 pixel shaders, prefetching texture data and ensuring the pixel shaders do not stall by feeding them new threads. This particularly helps the performance of the dynamic branch operations in SM3 and reduces the hit of a branch operation from 5-6 clocks to just a single clock cycle.
ATI's "512-bit ring bus" memory controller is a significant departure from previous designs. The design is based around two 256-bit busses - one going clockwise around the core and the other going anticlockwise (the idea being that the latency of data transfers can be minimised by choosing the shortest route between source and destination).  Memory accesses by the core are routed to the memory controller, which locates the DRAM module the data is held in and then sends to request to the relevant "Ring Stop" over the ring bus. Each ring stop on the bus interfaces to local memory over 8x32-bit memory channels (previous architectures from both ATI and nVidia have used 4x64-bit channels). When the data comes back from DRAM it then gets sent directly back to the area of core that requested the data - entirely bypassing the memory controller. In addition to reducing the throughput of the memory controller, the design also reduces memory latency, reduces heat output from the central area of the die and allows the more simplified controller to be clocked at higher frequencies.
Other architectural improvements include an improved hierarchical Z-buffer, which uses floating-point calculations that ATI claims catch about 60% more hidden pixels than R4xx generation designs, improved Z-Buffer compression, and improvements to the on-die caches, which are now fully associative. ATI claim that the cache improvements result in 10% to 30% fewer cache misses.
In terms of improved video support, the R520 core also features ATI's Avivo technology. This encompasses a fully 10-bit display pipeline, dual-link TMDS transmitters for extremely high resolution displays and a hardware video processor. The video processor enhances de-interlacing, improves the decode acceleration of WMV, MPEG, and MPEG-2 and adds H.264 decode acceleration. H.264 is the encoding standard for both BluRay and HD-DVD and it's decoding requires significant processing - a 3.6Ghz P4 runs at around 90 - 95% CPU usage without acceleration, compared to around 33% with R520 GPU acceleration.
The first available R520 core is the Radeon X1800XL, released today:

Radeon X1800 XL 256MB - 500Mhz core, 1.0Ghz GDDR3 memory - $449

Initial benchmarks show that the performance of the Radeon X1800 XL is, on average, roughly the same as the GeForce 7800GT for current games. However, the architecture is highly optimised - games making strong use of SM3 features and high memory bandwidth (AA/AF) should see the competitiveness of this card rise. Forthcoming driver are also expected to improve performance to a higher degree than we have seen of late.

ATI Radeon X1300 (RV515) GPU was released on October 5th. This GPU is a significantly cut down version of the R520 core, oriented towards the mainstream / budget market. The RV515 features 4 pixel pipelines and 2 vertex pipelines with up to a 6000Mhz core and 800Mhz memory clock interfacing over a 128-bit bus. There are initially two versions of the X1300, the X1300 Pro and X1300, although an X1300 HyperMemory is expected to be released at a later date.

Radeon X1300 Pro 256MB - 600Mhz core, 800Mhz memory - $149
Radeon X1300 256MB - 450Mhz core, 500Mhz memory - $129
Radeon X1300 128MB - 450Mhz core, 500Mhz memory - $99
Radeon X1300 Hypermemory (32MB/128MB) - 450Mhz core, '1Ghz' memory - $79

Initial benchmarks show that the X1300 Pro performs somewhere between the Radeon X600 XT and Radeon X700, offering similar performance on average to the GeForce 6600. It's superior performance in 3DMark05, however, shows that future titles could perform notably better in forthcoming games.

AMD Opteron 180 is expected to be released on October 7th. This processor is Dual Core and runs at a clock speed of 2.4Ghz.

Intel Xeon Dual Core (Paxville DP) was released on October 10th. Paxville DP is the DP enabled, Xeon version of Smithfield and successor to Potomac. Paxville DP features 2x2MB of L2 cache (2MB per core) and an 800Mhz FSB speed. Paxville DP is initially available with a clock speed of 2.8GHz.

Internet Explorer 7 Beta 2 Preview was released internally on October 12 with restricted download (to some groups) to available shortly afterwards. See the IE7 Roadmap entry for more details.

Windows XP Media Center Edition 2005 Update Rollup 2 'Emerald' was released on October 14th. Emerald is the second rollup for Windows XP Media Centre Edition 2005 and includes X-Box 360 MCE Extender support, DVD changer support, Dual Layer DVD support, improvements to HDTV, DVB-T digital radio support, automatic optimisation (just soft rebooting at specified times) and various bug fixes and stability improvements. UR2 also features a new 'Away Mode' which will only be supported with forthcoming hardware. Away mode provides a state half way between Hibernation and Standby modes, allowing recording and extender streaming support but with most internal systems being shut down.

Windows Server 2003 R2 RC1 was released on October 18th. See the Windows Server 2003 R2 Roadmap entry for more details.

OpenOffice 2.0 was released on October 20th.

nVidia GeForce 6600 DDR-2 was quietly released in Late October. The 6600 DDR-2 is a slightly higher clocked version of the standard (DDR-1 based) GeForce 6600, with a core clock of 350Mhz (compared to 300Mhz previously) and a memory clock of 800Mhz DDR (compared to 550Mhz previously).

AMD Price Cuts for Semprons, Athlon 64s and Athlon X2s occurred on October 24th. See the AMD CPU Prices page for more information.

NVIDIA's GeForce Go 7300 mobile GPU expected to be released on October 25th. The GeForce Go 7300 is expected to feature 128MB of on-board memory and will additionally use TurboCache to map in extra memory.

AMD Price Cuts for the Opteron 1xx series occurred on October 31st. See the AMD CPU Prices page for more information.

11

ATI Radeon X1800 XT will be released on November 5th following it's announcement on October 3rd. The fastest member of the R520 series of GPUs, the X1800XT will be available in the following forms:

Radeon X1800 XT 512MB - 625Mhz core, 1.5GHz GDDR3 memory - $549
Radeon X1800 XT 256MB - 625Mhz core, 1.5GHz GDDR3 memory - $499

Benchmarks show that the performance of the Radeon X1800 XT is, on average, roughly equivalent to the GeForce 7800 GTX, in the latest games. As is the case with many modern games, some work better with ATI cards and some better with nVidia cards. Generally speaking, however, it would seem that the X800XT offers slightly lower core performance, but it's superior memory architecture allows it to slightly outperform it's rival when the card becomes bandwidth limited at high resolutions with high levels of AA/AF.

Microsoft Visual Studio 2005 'Whidbey', the successor to Visual Studio.NET 2003 (Everett), was released on November 7th. VS Whidbey will feature a new version of the .NET Framework, will include an Edit and Continue feature similar to previous VB releases which will allow developers change live code during debugging and then continue running the application without having to recompile. Also included will be a new set of "My" classes, which allow developers to easily target resources such as installed keyboards, mice, networks, operating systems, printers, the screen, the Registry etc through a more simplistic interface. Whidbey will also feature IntelliSense technology, similar to that found in Microsoft Word, which will automatically fix or suggest options for incorrectly spelt coding constructs. Visual Studio 2005 will be available in the following forms:

Visual Studio 2005 Professional Edition with MSDN Premium subscription: $2,499 (renewal: $1,999)
Visual Studio 2005 Professional Edition with MSDN Professional subscription: $1,199 (renewal: $799)
Visual Studio 2005 Professional Edition: $799 (upgrade: $549)
Visual Studio 2005 Tools for the Microsoft Office System: $799 (upgrade: $549)
Visual Studio 2005 Standard Edition: $299 (upgrade: $199)
Visual Studio 2005 Express editions: $49 (Free for 1 year).

SQL Server 2005 (Yukon) was released on November 7th.

nVidia GeForce 6800GS was released on November 7th. The GeForce 6800GS is based on the NV42 core - the 110nm successor to the NV41 used in the vanilla GeForce 6800 - which allows for a higher clockspeed and supports PCI Express natively, but is otherwise functionally identical. NV42 features 12 pixel pipelines, 5 vertex pipelines and 8 ROPS and runs at a core clock of 425MHz core and a memory clock of 1GHz (compared to the 16 pixel pipeline GeForce 6800 GT which runs at 350Mhz/1Ghz). The performance of the 6800GS is comparable with the 6800GT, although it is generally a little slower - the GS features slightly more vertex processing power, slightly less pixel shading, and the same memory bandwidth as the GT model.
Initial benchmarks show that the GS does offer good value for money featuring similar performance to the GT but at a notably lower price. Compared to it's ATI rival - the X800XL - the GeForce 6800GS does generally offer superior performance at a very similar price with an enhanced featureset (SM3 and SLI support).

XGI Volari 8300 was released on November 10th. The successor to the Volari V8, the Volari 8300 features a 0.13micron die and full DirectX 9 SM2 support. The Volari 8300 features a core and memory clock of 300Mhz, 2x2 pixel pipelines and 4 pixel shaders. The memory interface is 64-bit and uses XGI's eXtreme Cache technology which operates along the lines of nVidia's TurboCache allowing system memory to be used for graphics processing.

nVidia GeForce 7800GTX 512MB was released on November 14th. In addition to featuring 512MB of memory the card features significantly enhanced clock speeds over the standard GeForce 7800GTX model, with a core clock of 550Mhz and a memory clock of 1.7Ghz! Cards are expected to retail around $649, and up to $799 upon release.

Sun UltraSPARC T1 (Niagara) CPU with CoolThreads technology was released on November 14th on a 90nm process. Niagara is a highly multi threaded (Chip Multi Threaded) design comprising of up to eight cores, each of which has a 6 stage pipeline and can process four threads simultaneously. Niagara also contains an integrated memory controller, allowing access to 32GB of DDRII through a quad channel memory interface and has 3MB of on-die L2 cache. The CPU also features a cryptography co-processor attached to each core for security processing, e.g. encoding and decoding SSL for a web server, and contains integrated networking. The performance in a multi-threaded environment is expected to be extremely good, with a Niagara CPU expected to have 15x more throughput than 1Ghz USIIIi, despite the fact that the clock speed is similar at 1Ghz and 1.2Ghz.

Intel Pentium 4 6x2 series featuring Virtualisation technology were released on November 14th. Based on the Prescott 2M core, the 6x2 series will additionally feature Intel's Vanderpool virtualisation technology. The first members of the 6x2 series are the 672 (3.8Ghz) and 662 (3.6Ghz).

Intel i975X chipset for the Pentium 4/D, and specifically for the forthcoming Presler, was released on November 14th. The 975X is the successor to the Intel i955X, supporting dual x8 PCIe and ATI's Crossfire dual GPU platform. Initially, at least, nVidia's SLI platform is not supported. Performance wise the i975X chipset offers identical performance to the previous i955X chipset.

Microsoft Office 12 Beta 1 was released on November 16th. See the release Roadmap entry for more details.

Microsoft X-Box 360 was released in the US on November 22nd, with the European launch scheduled for December 2nd and than the Japanese launch on December 10th. The successor to the X-Box contains a 3-core IBM PowerPC based CPU running at 3.2Ghz, ATI graphics hardware running at 500Mhz, a SiS South Bridge, 512MB of GDDR3 memory running at 700Mhz, an optional 20GB removable hard disk and a 12X DVD-ROM drive for software distribution.
The CPU is a triple cored PowerPC unit with each core being able to run two concurrent threads. The CPU runs at a clock speed of 3.2Ghz, giving a floating point performance of up to 115.2GFLOPS, and contains 1MB of shared L2 cache. The CPU interfaces to the 700Mhz GDDR3 main memory, and communicates to the graphics hardware, through a 128-bit, 2Ghz, full duplex bus to the GPU, providing 22.4GB/s of memory bandwidth (11.2GB/s each way).
The ATI graphics hardware is very much a unique design for the X-Box 360, with it's featureset being unique to the X-Box and not conforming to any PC standard such as DirectX 9. The GPU acts as both a North Bridge - providing the memory controller for the CPU - and a graphics processing unit. The GPU is unlike any PC-based unit in that it contains two significant innovations - embedded DRAM containing logic for part of the graphics pipeline and a Unified Shader Architecture, where each of the graphics pipelines can dynamically process either shader or pixel instructions. The 10MB of NEC eDRAM not only provides an extremely high memory bandwidth for the GPU (256GB/s), but also provides the logic for the Z buffer, Alpha blends, Stencil operations and multisampling Anti Aliasing. These are the operations that are very memory bandwidth hungry, so moving them into the eDRAM reduces the memory bandwidth bottleneck considerably. It also means that effects using this logic - most noticeably Anti Aliasing - are possible with very little reduction in frame rate. 2XAA is virtually for free and 4XAA runs at around 95-99% efficiency.
The architecture of the GPU provides 48 graphics pipelines, termed the "Adaptive Shader Array" by ATI. Each of these graphics pipelines can process either Pixel or Vertex operations, with the GPU dynamically allocating resources depending on the pixel and vertex load. Running at a clock speed of 500Mhz the GPU can process up to 96 billion shader operations per second. The high bandwidth connection between eDRAM and the GPU, along with the vertex shading ability of the GPU, also allows for efficient higher level surfaces, making the use of curved surfaces feasible in games.
In terms of audio, the XBox 360 supports 48 KHz 16-bit audio, with over 256 simultaneous audio channels. Unlike the original X-Box there is no dedicated DSP for audio processing - the CPU provides the necessary processing with SiS providing the DAC in the South Bridge.
The X-Box 360 will also feature wireless game controllers (support for up to 4), 3 USB 2.0 ports, 2 memory unit slots and an Ethernet port. It will also be backwardly compatible with the majority of X-Box titles. In terms of non-gaming functionality the X-Box will be compatible with virtually all USB digital music devices, allowing MP3 audio to be streamed from the music device through the Xbox 360. Audio CDs can also be ripped straight onto the hard drive, with full track and album information supported via online services. With it's networking support (WiFi a/b/g will be an optional extra from the start) any Windows XP PC can be used as a digital entertainment server, allowing audio and video to be streamed over the network. Digital content such as TV and High Definition video content recorded on a Windows Media Center PC can also be streamed through the X-Box 360. In terms of video connectivity, composite, component out, VGA, SCART and S-Video will be available up to 1080i (not 1080p) - although some output formats (S-Video / VGA?) will be optional extras.
The main rival to the X-Box 2 will be Sony's forthcoming Playstation 3. Whilst the PS3 looks to have superior hardware in some ways, Microsoft's software support seems rather more fully featured at this stage.
The X-Box 360 is available in two forms:

Premium - $399 / €399 / £280 - 20GB HDD preloaded with DVD & music content, Backwardly compatible with X-Box titles, Wireless games controller, Media Center Extender, X-Box Live! headset, TV remote control, HD AV connector.
Standard - $299 / €299 / £210 - No HDD - games saved on memory cards, limited MCE?, wired controller, no headset, no TV remote control, Standard AV connector.

VIA K8T900 chipset for AMD64 processors was announced on November 22nd with volume shipments expected in Q1 2006. The K8T900 is the successor to the  K8T890 Pro and features support for a single PCI Express x16 or Dual x8 PCI Express connections (although this is only really useful if you are running 2xS3 Chrome S27 cards) and VIA's VT8251 South Bridge.  VT8251 supports 6xPCI Express slots, PCI, SATA-300, Parallel ATA-133, 4xUSB 2.0 ports, a built-in Ethernet controller and VIA Vinyl High Definition audio.

Mozilla Firefox 1.5, the updated version of the successful Firefox browser, was released on November 29th. Some of the new features in this major update include support for Web standards, adding support for Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG), JavaScript 1.6 and new versions of CSS (Cascading Style Sheets). In addition popup handling as also been improved.

ATI Radeon X1600 (RV530) was released on November 30th following it's announcement on October 3rd. Based on the R520 architecture, but with a reduced number of Vertex and Pixel shaders (12 pixel shaders & 5 vertex shaders) and a 256bit rather than 512bit ring bus, the RV530 is aimed at the Mid Range to Mid Range performance market. The XT Edition features a core clock speed of 590MHz interfacing to 1.38GHz GDDR3 memory over a 128-bit bus. The RV530 is expected to be released in both XT and Pro forms, with the two cards offering the same architecture, but different clock speeds.

Radeon X1600 XT 256MB - 590Mhz core, 1.38Ghz memory - $249
Radeon X1600 XT 128MB - 590Mhz core, 1.38Ghz memory - $199
Radeon X1600 Pro 256MB - 500Mhz core, 780Mhz memory - $199
Radeon X1600 Pro 128MB - 500Mhz core, 780Mhz memory - $149

Initial benchmarks show that the Radeon X1600XT performs, on average, around the level of the 6600GT.

12

ATI Mobility Radeon X1600 was released on December 5th. The Mobility version of the Radeon X1600 is based around the desktop Radeon X1600 core, featuring 12 Pixel Pipelines, 5 Vertex Pipelines, 4 Texture Units and 4 Render Back-Ends. The only difference between the cores is the addition of ATI's Powerplay 6.0 power saving technology. The Mobility version of the X1600 also runs at reduced clock speeds, with the core running at 470Mhz and interfacing with 128MB of 470Mhz memory (compared to the 590MHz core and 1.38GHz memory of the X1600XT).

Intel i945GZ chipset for the Pentium 4 / Pentium D was released in Early December. The i945GZ is a cut down version of the i945G, supporting GMA950 integrated graphics, but no PCI Express x16 slots and removing support for the 1066Mhz FSB speed. The i945GZ also features a cut down, single-channel DDR2-533/400 memory interface.

ATI Radeon X1800 XT Crossfire Edition was released on December 20th. The Master Card to the R520 XT, the CrossFire Edition features almost identical specifications (625Mhz core and 1.45Ghz memory compared to 625Mhz/1.5Ghz in the X1800XT) along with a Composition Engine allowing SLI when combined with another R520 card. Whilst designed to pair with the X1800XT, the Crossfire card can also be used with the X1800XL. When combined with a X1800XL the Master card will disable half the memory, although the clock speeds will remain the same at 625/1.45Ghz. The X1800XT Crossfire features Dual Link TMDS transmitters and an improved compositing engine to remove the X850 Crossfire's limitation of a 1600x1200 upper resolution.
Initial reviews suggest that Crossfire is still not as refined as nVidia's SLI, although the performance for the most part is acceptable - somewhere between a 7800GTX 512MB and a 7800GTX 512MB SLI. Some games, however, show serious problems in Crossfire mode, producing exceptionally low performance - this is likely to be solved by a future driver update. Theoretical performance in 3DMark05 suggests performance between a 7800GTX SLI and a 5800GTX 512MB SLI.

Intel Pentium 4 6xx (Cedarmill) was announced on December 27th, although availability is not expected until January 16th. Cedarmill is be built on a 65nm process and largely based on the (single core) Prescott 2M core. The TDP rating for Cedar Mill chips will be 86 watts, down from 95 watts for the Prescott 2M. Targeted at the value sector, Cedarmill will feature Hyperthreading, EM64T, EIST, XD and Vanderpool Technology. The initial variants of Cedarmill are expected to be the 631 (3.0GHz, No VT), 633 (3.0GHz), 643 (3.2GHz), 653 (3.4GHz) and 663 (3.6GHz).

Intel Pentium D 9xx (Presler) was announced on December 27th, although availability is not expected until January 16th, and is part of the Averill platform. Presler is the 65nm successor to Smithfield and features two physically separate Cedarmill cores in a single package, each with a 2MB L2 cache (for a total of 4MB of L2 cache) with inter core communication over a dedicated external 800Mhz FSB. Presler will feature EM64T, Vanderpool, LaGrande, EIST, and XD technologies. Presler will initially be available as 920 (2.8GHz), 930 (3.0GHz), 940 (3.2GHz) and 950 (3.4GHz) models.

Intel Pentium Extreme Edition 955 (Presler) was announced on December 27th, although availability is not expected until January 16th. The Pentium Extreme Edition (Presler) is the 65nm successor to the Pentium Extreme Edition (Smithfield) and is based on the Presler core. In addition to the featureset of Presler, the Extreme Edition features features 4MB L2 cache (2MB per core), runs on a 1066Mhz FSB and features Hyperthreading support in each of the cores. The PEE 955 runs at a clock speed of 3.46Ghz and is only supported on the i975X platform.
Initial reports suggest the Extreme Edition 955 beats the Athlon 64 4800+ in many benchmarks, with the exception of some gaming benchmarks. The 955 is also extremely overclockable, with >4Ghz easily possible using default cooling.

ATI RS485 chipset for the AMD64 Socket M2 platform is expected to be announced in December. The RS485 is a higher clocked version of the Radeon Xpress 200 RS482 core to be released to compete against the GeForce 6150. The GPU is expected to be clocked at 400Mhz rather than the 300Mhz of the RS480/482.

Intel Celeron 355 is expected to be released in December. The 355 will run at a clock speed of 3.33GHz.

Intel Xeon 7000 (Paxville MP) is expected to be released in December. Paxville MP is the MP enabled version of Paxville DP forming the Xeon MP 7000 series of CPUs. Initial members of the Paxville family will be the 7041 (3Ghz, 2x2MB L2, 800Mhz FSB), 7040 (3Ghz, 2x2MB L2, 667Mhz FSB), 7030 (2.8Ghz, 2x1MB L2, 800Mhz FSB) and 7020 (2.67Ghz, 2x1MB L2, 667Mhz FSB).

Windows Server 2003 R2 is expected to be released in December. Windows Server 2003 R2 will be a minor upgrade to Windows Server 2003, basically merging all the Windows Updates and Windows Server 2003 Feature Packs into a single integrated installation. Current Windows 2003 Feature Packs include Software Update Services (SUS), Automated Deployment Services (ADS), Group Policy Management Console (GPMC), Windows Rights Management Services (RMS) and Windows SharePoint Services. For a full list visit Microsoft's web site here. In addition to this functionality, R2 will add a new branch server deployment and management features, Active Directory (AD) federation functionality (Trustbridge) and simpler Storage Area Network (SAN) management.

ATI Radeon X1800 XT PE is expected to be released in December. The XT PE is a higher clocked version of the X1800 XT, featuring a 700MHz core clock and a 1600MHz memory clock. This part is intended to compete with the GeForce 7800GTX 512MB.

Q4

AMD Sempron 3400+ for Socket 754 is expected to be released in Q4. This processor is expected to be based on the Palermo core.

nVidia C60G/D chipsets for the Intel platform are expected to be released in Q4. The C60 series are the Intel equivalent of the C51G AMD chipset, with the C60G containing an integrated core and the C60D being a discrete solution without integrated graphics. Both chips are aimed at the lower end of the market, leaving the nForce 4 Intel Edition as the top nVidia chipset for the Intel platform. The C60 North Bridge is expected to feature support for a PCI Express x16, with the C60G core additionally featuring integrated graphics based on the GeForce 6200 TurboCache core. The 'South Bridge' is a next generation MCP (Media and Communication Processor) that features support for Serial ATA-II, Gigabit Ethernet, PCI Express x1, FireWire and USB 2.0.

H2

AMD Athlon XP-M (Trinidad) is 90nm successor to Dublin, expected to be released in H2.

AMD Albany mobile CPU is expected to be released in H2. Albany is the replacement for Georgetown.

AMD Roma mobile CPU is expected to be released in H2. Roma is the 90nm replacement for the Low Voltage Mobile Sempron processor.

Intel Fanwood/533 IA-64 CPU is expected to be released in H2. This core will feature a 533Mhz PSB speed, rather than the 400Mhz PSB found on the original Fanwood core.

Intel Millington Dual Processor IA-64 core is expected to be released in H2. Millington is built around the Montecito core and will be the successor to Fanwood, featuring a 3MB L3 cache and dual processor only operation. Millington will support a 533Mhz PSB.

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